Great Expectations and A Tale of Two Cities :: essays papers

Great Expectations and A Tale of 2 Cities Charles Dickens Great Expectations and A Tale of Two Cities are both of the greatest English novels ever written. One chronicles the twists and turns of the life of a young man named Pip while the other serves as an composition of the story of one family during the French Revolution. In both novels, there are contrasts between characters that are representative of the themes of the novels. In Great Expectations, the themes are good vs. slimy and guilt vs. innocence, while in A Tale of Two Cities the main themes are resurrection and revolution. However, the theme of good vs. evil is a theme common to the two books and there are contrasts between characters in both books that represent this theme. The characters include Madame Defarge and Miss Pross, and Carton and Darnay, from A Tale of Two Cities, Orlick and Joe, and Magwitch and Miss Havisham, from Great Expectations.A Tale of Two Cities is set in France during the 1780s, a very tumultuous judgment of conviction in the history of the French nation, when the lower classes were rebelling against the oppression, and unfair rights and privileges of the upper classes. It was during this date that France was transformed from a divine right monarchy into a republic, following the execution of King Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette. Dickens gives his own impressions of French society at the time through and through his narration of the story. His distaste for the extravagance and greed of the French upper-class is apparent in his description of the powerful aristocrat entertaining other aristocrats. He depicts the wastefulness of the aristocrats, and their use of servants, while the poor lack even a means of subsistence. Although Dickens gives compassionate descriptions of the poor, such as when the Marquis is passing through his town, and the deplorable conditions in which they lived in Saint Antoine, he nevertheless also displays his aversion to t he mobs of Paris. In his description of the courtroom that Darnay was being tried in, Dickens visualized the crowd to be blueflies flies that feed on dead bodies. This simile implies that the mob finds joy in death, regardless of the innocence or guilt of the psyche being hanged. His view of mobs is also evident when Jerry Cruncher joins a mob of people following Roger Clys body, and riots with them for fun.

Odyssey Hospitality Essay -- Essays Papers

Odyssey HospitalityHospitality In The Odyssey by Homer, cordial reception plays a very serious role. There are real rules of hospitality needed, such as inviting a stranger into your home, not asking them their name before they have dined at your table, and sometimes even gift offerings. If these rules of hospitality are not carried out, the consequences are very severe. Hospitality is to be given to all by all. Being a good host is very important in The Odyssey, even to the gods. It is a sign of respect for all no matter where they are from or how poor they appear to be. This means that as presently as you see a stranger, you invite them into your home to sit at your table just as king Nestor did. As soon as they saw the strangers, all came crowding subject, waving them on in welcome, urging them tosit. (III, 38) After you have invited them into your home, you must invite them to dine at your table. Only afterwards they have dined, you have the permission to ask for their name s, like King Menelaus did, Help yourselves to food, and welcome Once youve dined well ask you who you are. (IV, 68-69) Many times before dining ...women had washed them, rubbed them down with oil and drawn warm fleece and shirts around their shoulders... (IV, 56-57) If the host enjoyed the company of the guests, many times they will honor them with gifts. The kind of gifts given varied depending on the wealth and generosity of the host. For example, Aeolus, the king of the winds, gave Odysseus a...

Political Parties Essay -- Politics, Clientelistic and Programmatic Ci

What influences parties superiors between clientelistic and programmatic citizen- politician linkages? In the context of democratization, many authoritarian regimes used to deploy clientelism as the main strategy for maintaining its rules (Magaloni 2006). Even in democratic institutions, parties could systematically and continuously engage in clientelism to maintain long time ruling (Piattoni 2001, Kitschelt 2007). Those hegemonic parties, once defeated in elections, faced an important choice of where to go. In various accounts, different parties went through different lines of development, producing different outcomes. Compared to Shefters (1977) analysis that the choice of clientelistic/programmatic strategies is path-dependent and fixed, this paper seeks to address the changes. By investigating two cases of origin hegemonic parties transition after electoral defeat (KMT in Taiwan and PRI in Mexico), I examined why parties make different choices, and how those different moves alt ered the transformation of parties. Furthermore, I offered a theoretical pattern in conclusion to differentiate different forms of transformation by two factors resource control and ideological strength. Theoretical name and method Two key terms in this paper need to be clarified in advance resource control and ideological strength. By resource control, I mean particularly the financial resources parties possess and distribute for the sake of winning elections. Resources include control over central or topical anaesthetic government budget, access to public subsidies allocation and other properties owned by parties. Levels of resource control can be measured by different offices held by the party and the partys expenditure structure. It is generally perce... ...dence direction, with President Lee Teng-hui openly announced that Taiwan and mainland China were de facto two different states. This shift had fierce many pro-unification party bases, and motivated some KMT politicia ns to form the New Party (NP) in 1993. NP went on becoming the third largest party, and attracted many votes from traditional KMT supporters. after(prenominal) 2000 election, James Soong also formed his own party, People First Party (PFP), and replaced NP as the major pro-unification party in the system. As the regime sectionalisation has effectively faded following the successful democratization and regime change, state-identity cleavage became the major salient issue of Taiwan elections. The ambiguous position KMT took on state-identity issues made it hard to perform well among sharply divided ideological voters, and the party was at risk of losing its own location.

mortgage :: essays research papers

Mortgage Terms                Adjustable-Rate Mortgage (ARM) A mortgage with interest set ups and monthly payments adjusted at unshakable intervals based on changes in either a national or regional index. Also called "variable-rate mortgage." Amortization A giveword payment schedule characterized by equal periodic payments that are calculated to meet current interest payments and retire the principal at the end of a fixed period (at maturity date if the loan is fully amortized). Annual Percentage Rate (APR) The total yearly cost of a mortgage stated as a percentage of the loan amount includes such items as the base interest rate, private mortgage insurance, and loan origination fee (points). Appraisal A written analysis of the estimated apprise of a property prepared by a qualified appraiser. ARM Margin The spread (or difference) between the index rate and the mortgage interest rate for an adjustable-rate mortg age. Balloon Mortgage A mortgage in which the debt service (the regular payments of principal and interest) will not result in the complete payment of the loan by the end of the mortgage term. Cap A provision of an ARM limiting how much the interest rate or mortgage payments may cast up or decrease. Cash Reserve A requirement of some lenders that buyers have sufficient cash remaining after closing to make the first devil monthly mortgage payments. Closing The completion of a real estate transaction that transfers rights of ownership to the buyer. Also called "settlement." Condominium A type of property ownership within a multiunit complex in which the homeowner owns a unit and a proportionate interest in certain common areas, such as the grounds of the complex. Contingency A condition that must be met before a contract is legally binding. Conventional Mortgage A loan that is not insured or guaranteed by the federal government. Credit Report A report from an independent ag ency that verifies a loan applicants information on previous(prenominal) debts and liabilities. Deed The legal document conveying title to a property. Down Payment The part of the purchase price which the buyer pays in cash and does not finance with a mortgage. Earnest Money A deposit made by the potential home buyer to show that he or she is heavy about buying the house. Easement A right of way giving persons other than the owner access to or over a property. Equity A homeowners financial interest in a property. Equity is the difference between the fair market value of a property and the amount still owed on the mortgage.

Essay --

IntroductionAs seen above, a large number of people live below poorness line and over one-half of these people depend on agriculture. These rural households may not be directly involved in the agricultural trade union movement but their income sources are linked with the success of the agricultural production. They may be exposed to the financial risks following natural disasters or climate change, which affect the products of agriculture.1. cultivation in India and Major Risks 1.1. A review of Agriculture in IndiaThis section covers the significant government policies that aimed at the promotion of agricultural development. There were many principle changes that have been introduced since the Independence of India.At the time of Independence, the agricultural sector consisted of a stagnant backward economy with low resource availability, inadequate government attendant and most importantly, severe poverty. Daniel Thorner, a well-known economist remarked India was left with perha ps the worlds most refractory problem (ANTHONY P. DCOSTA). Land reforms were introduced as an warm measure to deal with the skewed distribution of land and the reforms led to the abolition of intermediaries and giving land titles to farmers. Along with these reforms, the Community Development Programme was set up in 1952 (NAYAR, 1960). This programme aimed at the development of the rural people by the co-ordination of the activities related to agriculture, animal husbandry and irrigation, which was executed and evaluated by officials at district take aim to village level. National Extension Service was also introduced along with the Community Development Programme, which also aimed at the initiation of rural development activities under the sponsorship of the ... ... their chances of nonpayment either by borrowing money from lenders at atrocious interest rates or by selling their assets alongside poor investment in future seasons. Therefore, yield risk is one of the most importan t agricultural risks. Rainfall is a major yield risk factor especially in the Indian economy, as it is heavily dependent on monsoon. A recent study has shown that there is a positive correlation between rainfall and the ingathering yields in rural India (Kirtti Ranjan Paltasingh, 2012). Hence, the risk is more dominant in certain regions such as arid regions when compared to high rain-fed regions. High temperature also affects plant harvest and decreases the yield significantly. 1.2.2 Market/Price riskAgriculture is subjected to many uncertainties and this even includes the price of the agricultural products. The input and output prices are volatile in nature.

Essay --

IntroductionAs seen above, a large number of people run low below poverty line and over one-half of these people depend on agriculture. These rural households may not be directly involved in the agricultural labor but their income sources are linked with the success of the agricultural production. They may be exposed to the financial risks following natural disasters or mood change, which affect the products of agriculture.1.Agriculture in India and Major Risks 1.1. A review of Agriculture in IndiaThis section covers the significant government policies that aimed at the promotion of agricultural cultivation. thither were many principle changes that have been introduced since the Independence of India.At the time of Independence, the agricultural sector consisted of a stagnant backward economy with low resource availability, understaffed government support and most importantly, severe poverty. Daniel Thorner, a well-known economist remarked India was left with perhaps the worlds mo st refractory problem (ANTHONY P. DCOSTA). discharge reforms were introduced as an immediate measure to deal with the skewed distribution of land and the reforms led to the abolition of intermediaries and giving land titles to farmers. Along with these reforms, the Community Development political platform was set up in 1952 (NAYAR, 1960). This programme aimed at the development of the rural people by the co-ordination of the activities related to agriculture, animal husbandry and irrigation, which was executed and evaluated by officials at district level to village level. National Extension Service was besides introduced along with the Community Development Programme, which also aimed at the initiation of rural development activities under the sponsorship of the ... ... their chances of default either by borrowing money from lenders at atrocious interest rates or by selling their assets alongside poor investment in future seasons. Therefore, yield risk is one of the most import ant agricultural risks. Rainfall is a major yield risk instrument especially in the Indian economy, as it is heavily dependent on monsoon. A recent study has shown that there is a positive correlation amid rainfall and the crop yields in rural India (Kirtti Ranjan Paltasingh, 2012). Hence, the risk is more dominant in certain regions such as arid regions when compared to high rain-fed regions. High temperature also affects plant growth and decreases the yield significantly. 1.2.2 Market/Price riskAgriculture is subjected to many uncertainties and this even includes the price of the agricultural products. The input and output prices are quicksilver(a) in nature.

Red Balloons

The song I chose to do my project on is the song 99 Red Balloons, by the artist Gabriel Kernel, also known as Nana. This was one of the songs in the ass to make the point about how the war really touched the citizens and the countries themselves. The theme of this song is that all overreacting right away is a bad thing. It can cause damage to you and to everything else around you. This song is representing the fact that the United States and the Soviet amount were caught up in the Cold War and it caused many problems.The example in this song is that, what if a child let go off balloon and it went over the Berlin Wall to the Soviets side? Without deciding what it was, they blew up the whole country of Germany. This could rent happened because of something so silly like a balloon. It also describes how unlucky the citizens of Germany are. They are in the middle of all of this. If something was thrown over the wall, or a balloon floated over it, their lives would have been ruined or they could have died because of it. The Soviet Union and the join States only thought about homeless.They were waiting for some kind of spark in the war so they would know when to fight. The meaning of this whole song Is that during the rimy war, the Soviet union and the united States were always at the brink of a nuclear war. This song explains a great story about what might have happened if something floated over the Berlin wall to the Soviet Unions side. In this song, the balloons are mistaken by the Soviets as some unnamed object in the sky. Their military springs into action, creating a big, vain war that destroys their city. This was all because a bunch of balloons.The song ends on a hopeful note, when Nana sings the line Eve found one more balloon. Think of you and let it fly, that part shows that hope still remains, despite all that was lost. A lot of people believe that this was a song about protest, but in an converse with Nana, she explained that the song was only mea nt to be a place to lighten the atmosphere of fear that the Cold War was bringing to Germany during the time she wrote it. This song makes me feel really sad about the way the woo superpowers would have Just destroyed their city like this and kill all of their innocent civilians.The minute they say these unidentified objects coming their way, they Immediately shot and blew up their city. I feel awful for the poor families who could not do anything or escape from harms way. There was always a threat of nuclear war looming in the air. People who lived through the cold war were always at a risk of nuclear war breakage out. Children had frequent drills. They were taught what to do in case an atomic bomb went off. People must have been living in days filled with fear. The united States tested to have a period of dtenet which lasted for a while, but It did not end the war. Hen I first heard the song, It made me sad that a distich of kids could have caused that much destruction by lettin g go some balloons. I am very thankful that I did not have to go through what they went through for over 44 years. Ready to launch a surprise nuclear fervour to them and their allies. They had a new alert system called the RYAN that provided all-important(a) information to them, like warning before the attack comes. Two years later in 1983, the year the song 99 Red Balloons came out, the Soviet Unions RYAN tracker patched something.Some observers dismissed the alert and the war scare but others were not sure. The latter view seems to have been closer to the truth. These developments, along with the new United States managements tough spatial relation toward the USSR, prompted Soviet officials and much of the populace to voice concern over the prospect of a US nuclear attack. But there really was no attack that was necessary to deal with. Like in the song 99 Red Balloons, they overreacted again, but this time to something that was not even there.

Cupcake Bouquet Marketing Plan Essay

MissionCup cover Delight is dedicated to serve the merchandise with its supreme and beautiful varieties of cup taprooms, pastries, and cakes featuring the Mindanaos induce fruit crops that leave surely fit the palates and pockets of Filipinos.VisionCupcake Delight, as a prime source of quality cupcakes in Davao City, envisions to continually serve the market with its finest mathematical products with chaste customer service. It pass on strive to apply the total quality management in whole aspects of the organization in order to achieve the highest standards and expectations of the clienteles. Furtherto a greater extent, Cupcake Delight leave alone venture the desserts industry in the whole Philippines with its mission of delivering palatable and affordable products.ValuesCupcake Delight is excessively designed to improve and enhance the values root from its creation. It believes that these values will be an essential part of its success. These include the aras of organizati on, human, society, economy, and politics.Organizational Values* Total quality management* Continuous innovation of the products* Integrity and precedency of work and performance* Teamwork* Proper orientation to the customersHuman Values* Safety and honesty of the workers* Freedom for initiative of employees* Development of skills of the bakers and employees* C atomic number 18er growth* Resourcefulness in every situationSocial Values* Corporate social responsibility* Think green, do green* Respect for cultural diversity, minorities, and majoritiesEconomic Values* antiphonal to the trends in the economy* Harmony in the allocation of all forms of resourcesPolitical Values* Adherence of laws and policies* Appropriate use of freedom of expression* Advocate for mollification and orderGoalsCupcake Delight intends to be in the right direction and to keep on the right track. To accomplish this, it furnishes its goals for the comp each.* To introduce an innovation of cupcakes to the mark et and to advertise them effectively * To establish a associateion, value, and loyalty to the customers * To promote the cupcake bouquet, Boucake, as one of the best gifts for any occasionsII. TARGET MARKETThe target market of Cupcake Delight bear product, Boucake, is the male. A total of 76% atomic number 18 willing to spend their money comp ared to the female with the total of 75%. There is a very little digression but it is great to target the males since they are the most appropriate customers who will spend their money to acquire move over for their signifi ceaset others. Boucake is a supreme and delightful gift in this kind of romantic kin. In addition, Boucake is not just limited as a gift for sweethearts but s akinwisel in addition be a present for flock celebrating special even offts in their lives. It isbest for individuals celebrating their birthdays, commemorating their anniversaries, rejoicing their graduation, remembering special days akin teacher, mothe r and fathers day, childrens party and among others. These occasions somewhat require gifts the 75% female fanny be the customers for these.III. MARKETING NEEDS OR TRENDSThe cupcake bouquet, Boucake, has a 79% engage in the market. The percentage of take up is based on the survey question whether the respondents are willing to spend their money to purchase the product. Out the 200 respondents, 158 answered yes. This make set up give anticipation that the product will be likely accepted by the market when introduced. A 79% is a good judge to start presenting a product that is something new to the market. Almost three fourths are willing to buy though roughly 47.5% have al admity seen a product in resemblance to the Boucake. Cupcakes are no longer distinct and new in the eyes and tastes of the customers but Boucake which is innovated from this common product has still a demand in the market. It can be furtherly explained because 81% is fond of eating sweets. Therefore, when Bouc ake is strategically introduced and advertised, the 79% market demand can equal the 81% of people who like sweets.Cupcake Stores are growing in the Davao Region. Recently, the Jonathans Cupcakery which has a storehouse at Arellano Street had its branch in the SM Lanang Premier where more people can notice its cupcakes. Sweet Aroma bakehousepe is also keep on expanding its branches at cities outside Davao. A group of students also entered the cupcake personal credit line just this year. It is evident that there is a trend in cupcake business. The challenge is how to make the product attractive and unique from others. These cupcake stores offer varieties of flavors and customization of designs. However, Boucake differentiates from these because of its feature and physique. This keeps up the Boucake with the current trend in the market. In addition, Boucake is not just for satisfying hunger but can also be a present for loved ones especially during special occasions. 93.5% stated that Boucake is a good gift for those special events.IV. SWOT ANALYSISWEAKNESSES* new to the market, thus risky* no loyal customers yet* expensive compared to just buying a single cupcake* several competitors* short shelf lifeWEAKNESSES* new to the market, thus risky* no loyal customers yet* expensive compared to just buying a single cupcake* several competitors* short shelf lifeSTRENGTHS* products newness and singularity* originality* best for gift-giving* suited alternative for flower bouquets* attractive and satisfying* macroscopical target market (teenagers, young adults, more in a romantic relationship at a very young age) * high-technology advertisementsSTRENGTHS* products newness and uniqueness* originality* best for gift-giving* suited alternative for flower bouquets* attractive and satisfying* large target market (teenagers, young adults, more in a romantic relationship at a very young age) * high-technology advertisementsOPPORTUNITIES* expansion of branch and of products * more innovative products* partnership with related or substitute productsOPPORTUNITIES* expansion of branch and of products* more innovative products* partnership with related or substitute productsTHREATS* renowned or branded competitors might copy or imitate the product * failure or injury* overestimation of market demandTHREATS* famous or branded competitors might copy or imitate the product * failure or loss* overestimation of market demandV. COMPETITIONCOMPETITIVE PROFILE MATRIXDIRECT COMPETITORSA. JONATHANS CUPCAKERY harvestingJonathans Cupcakery offers different flavors of cupcakes from vanilla, chocolate, carrot, tiramisu, coffee, mocha, coconut mango, gingerose to pistachio. It also has variant macarons, chip cookies, and curried chocolate and toasted coconut ice cream tail endJonathans Cupcakery has a shop located at Arellano Street. Customers can dine in to eat its cupcakes and other pastries. It also has a branch in the SM Lanang Premier where more people will be ab le to see its products. onward motionJonathans Cupcakery promotes its product with Facebook page, uploadingits menu, current and new products. It also joined in Davao Gourment Collective where it can expose its products to other class of market. It also offers customized cupcakes during lets Day, Valentines, and other special occasions.PriceThe price of its cupcakes is quite an expensive because of the special ingredients it incorporates to make the cupcakes more varied and special.StrengthsIt has a branch inside a mall thus attracting more customers. It offers many variants of cupcakes which are not that known to the market making them interesting. Customization of its products is also being offered.WeaknessesIt has strong competitors which are more famous and well known than them. Some of its products design is plain.B. SWEET AROMA BAKESHOPPEProductSweet Aroma Bakeshoppe offers cupcakes with very cute and attractive designs and cakes with intricate and delicious appearance. des cribeSweet Aroma Bakeshoppe has a main branch at Pichon Street fronting the Grand Men Seng Hotel where customers hotel can see its products. It has branches fronting San Pedro Hospital, Gaisano Mall, Gaisano Grand Mall of Tagum, and NCCC Mall of Tagum where are outside the region of Davao.publicityIt is promoting its products through its own website and own page at Facebook reaching people through online.PriceThe cupcake costs at P49 is quite expensive but reasonable since its design is so pleasing to the eyes as well as to the palate of the customers. The cakes are very expensive outset at P500 which are quite small in size.It also offers 7 cupcakes for P250.StrengthsIt has many branches where people can well-to-doly purchase its products not just in Davao Region. It is starting to expand and to make a name in the cupcake industry. The products are so good both in the eyes and tongues which encourage and motivate customers for buying them.WeaknessesProducts are quite expensive wh ich hesitate the customers from buying it. It is just starting thus competitors can still be the first choice of the customers. Its branch in Gaisano Mall does not have any flyers which might give extra information to the customers especially those who are interested to buy its products for special occasions.C. ROYAL BITESProductRoyal Bites is offering flavors of cupcakes with very colorful designs. It also offers butter scotch, cookies, pastries, and customized cakes.PlaceRoyal Bites is situated in Juna Subdivision, Matina, Davao City.PromotionRoyal Bites promotes its products through Facebook, pictures, and word of address from the owners friends and customers.PriceThe price is reasonable for it meets the quality expected by the customers.StrengthsRoyal Bites doesnt limit its products to cupcakes but also offer variants of cakes and pastries. The products are also appealing.WeaknessesThe business is new to the market thus not all people know or notice its products. Competition ca n also be a impediment for catering more people.INDIRECT COMPETITORSA. GOLDILOCKSProduct goldilocks offers cakes and rolls for birthdays, and any celebrations and occasions with different flavors and decorations. It also has cake which the customers can modify with their own designs and likes. Pastries and pies are also available in its stores like mamon, hopia, egg pies, tarts, and macaroons. Goldilocks also has sweets like crinkles, cookies, pastillas, candies, chocolate bouquets and lollipops, polvoron, and popcorn. It also offers sarapinoy meals, pinoydeli, side dishes, and thirst quenchers.PlaceGoldilocks has numerous branches stalls and shops inside and outside the malls. Its branches are scattered all over the islands of the Philippines. bulk can visibly see its goods almost everywhere thus they are more encouraged to buy it.PromotionOne of the most effective ways to promote Goldilocks products is to advertise it in national television since everyone has a chance of knowi ng their product offers both the new and old ones. It also uses high-end endorsers like Kris Aquino, Judy Ann Santos, and Dingdong Dantes. It also promotes its products particularly cakes through its program decorate your own cake. Goldilocks goes green. It states, Help us save the Earth by getting and bringing the Goldilocks brown bag whenever you buy their favorite Goldilocks products. It also has discounts.PriceBased on Mark Striving, Goldilocks uses Good-Better- high hat. It is an intelligent pricing tactic that every firm should consider its an extension of versioning that takes vantage of customers psychological make-up. People who are unsure what they want will usually buy the middle, or Better choice out of Good-Better-Best. Go back and read that sentence again People who are unsure what they want will usually buy the middle orBetter choice out of Good-Better-Best. So providing a middle choice is the crux of the good, better, best tactic. It has been shown that customers av oid Best because they are afraid of paying too much it also shows that they are even more afraid of Good (the lowest choice) because they are afraid to purchase the lowest quality, and it may make them look cheap.So, when uncertain, they buy Better. This means, if company before long have two versions of offering, company should seriously consider adding a third with more features at a higher price (and feature level). This action will likely sway any of customers who were stuck between buying Good (the lowest) and Better (the middle), to choose Better. Companies will also likely sell some Best and at much higher profit than your other offerings. Overall, simply adding a Better option puts more profit dollars in pocket.StrengthsGoldilocks has already realized its name in the Philippines. It will be one in the options in every Filipinos when choosing cakes and pastries. It is well known and famous. The quality of its products especially the cakes is one of its edges. It has already been in the food industry for a long time therefore it has the proper know-how and strategies to pursue whenever it can encounter problems and competitions.WeaknessesHealth conscious individuals are quite a trend in the food industry. More people are watching their diet and how much calories and sugar they are in taking. Goldilocks uses sugar as its prime ingredient which might lead these individuals to avoid its products. Competition is always in the market.B. MERCOProductMerco offers various kinds and flavors pastries and cakes. It also has coolers like halo-halo and shakes. It also patronizes home-cooked Pinoy dishes and short-orders such as French fries and sandwiches.PlaceMerco already had 35 branches in Davao Region which are mostly take-out counters and a few are for dining particularly in Quirino branch. Its branches located almost everywhere make its products more visible and available to the market.PromotionMerco promotes its products through social media particularly thr ough Facebook and its own company website. It also advertises through large tarpaulins stating their new offers, promotions, and activities. Word of mouth from the customers also promotes Merco products.PriceThe prices of Mercos products are affordable to the market. It has a notion of pangmasa. A whole cake is priced at a minimum of P200, cake rolls at P150, coolers at P40, and the Pinoy meals at P50.StrengthsMerco already established well its name in the market especially in Davao Region. It has been reputable because of its credibility in serving quality cakes for more than 60 years that are affordable and reasonable. Its branches are located strategically where the public can see its products.WeaknessesSince Merco is in the business for more than 60 years, customers has a thinking that it is already old and want to try new and fresh branded products. It is not appealing to the higher class because it is pangmasa and it does not have systematic promotions of serving swiftness cl ass. Most of its branches are take-out counters so some customers are hesitant to buy its products and will instead go to other bakeshops where they can have stay while eating. Merco is not also expanding its product line outside Davao.C. RED ornamentProductCakes, rolls, pastries, and meals are the products of Red medallion. Cakes androlls are of different flavor and variants but mostly of chocolate. Pastries consist of different flavors of mamon, different slices of marble cake, varried numbers of polvoron, empanada, and pastillas de leche. Red thenar also serves spaghetti, carbonara, and palabok good for parties.PlaceRed Ribbon has different branches here in Davao, all inside the malls of Abreeza, Victoria Plaza, Gaisano, SM, and NCCC. It has stalls and stores all over the Philippines. People can recognize its products because it is betokend in public places.PromotionRed Ribbon advertises its products in the television where everyone can know and interest its products. It has a promotional activity but 9 butter mamon, get 1 free. This kind of promo is also available in ensaymada, yummy cheese roll, marble slices, and other mamon variants. It also offers customization of cakes.PriceThe price of Red Ribbon is usually expensive and caters upper class market.StrengthsRed Ribbon is easy to locate for its many branches. It is very convenient for the customers because they can locate it anywhere. It also offers not only cakes and pastries but also meals such as pasta, spaghetti, and other rice meals. It lets customers customize their choice of cake.WeaknessesRed Ribbon doesnt have much promotional activities and offers few flavors of cakes. It is likely limited to chocolate cakes. It has rice meals which are good but quite expensive.D. FUDGE manufacturing plantProductIt offers cupcakes, brownies, chocolate bars, and pies. The box, the factorycalled it the Medley of Fun has 24 different kinds of brownies from dark to white chocolate, plain to frost topping with an assortment of nuts, liqueur, and even durian (what Davao city is known, for). Other than the brownies, it has an assortment of pastries like cheese sticks, trifle, cookies and biscotti.PlaceFudge Factory is located at 2nd floor, Abreeza Mall, Davao.PromotionFudge Factory has online pages in Facebook. It can promote products to large population of people through online. More people are hook in Facebook thus more people will be able to know its products. There are also bloggers who promote their products as they posted positive comments about Fudge Factory. Furthermore, people can connect with its website for promotions.PriceThe price of Fudge Factory is affordable and reasonable.StrengthsIt has 24 varieties of brownies where the customers can have wide range of choices. Its location can cater different types of market or customers which can be its target marjet or potential customers. Products are good for any occasions and best for gift giving.WeaknessesHealth conscious people w ill not likely patronize its products because they contain fat, calories, and sugar. Fudge factory also focuses on pastry sweets which make the customers thirsty and doesnt offer any drinks.E. MARGIES BAKESHOPProductMargies Bakeshop offers cakes, pastries, cupcakes and full meals such as steaks and other Filipino dishes. It also offers sweets such as meringues and chocolate truffles. It offers desserts too like dulce de leche and a clutch more. Its products are really top quality. Its food is great and it matchestheir pricing too. But all in all, customers cant really judge them at price alone because its food is really good and very good to look at. It passed the two requirements of good food looks good and tastes good.PlaceMargies Bakeshop has lots of branches all over Davao City at Ecoland, Matina, Fairlanes, Torres, Abreeza Mall of Davao, and at Buhangin. The branches are convenient and visible to the customers.PromotionIt has online advertising through Facebook. There was a ti me Margies offered a buy 1 take 1 cake promotion.PricePrices are somewhat in the upper class range. Products prices are expensive. Their most affordable cake goes for P320 and it is only good for 2 persons. There are other cakes which cost for P320 P700 and only good for 2 persons. Their chocolate truffles cost at P13 each. But of course, with price comes the quality of their product. It is really expensive there but it is worth every centavo customers pay for.StrengthsMargies Bakeshop has different branches in Davao City making more customers able to see its products. The pastries and cakes are really quality products.WeaknessesIts pricing is expensive thus there are limited customers who will be able to spend their money to buy its products. The promotional activities are not that evident.I. SERVICES AND BENEFITSHEALTH BENEFITSThe fruits made of simple sugars like fructose and sucrose that when eaten replenish energy and revitalize the personify instantly. It is rich in dieteti cal fiber, which helps to protect the colon mucous membrane by diminish exposure time and as well as binding to cancer-causing chemicals in the colon. It is a source of antioxidant vitamin-C. It helps the body develop resistance against infectious agents and scavenge prejudicial free radicals. It contains high levels of essential amino acid, tryptophan which in the body metabolizes into serotonin and melatonin in which theyraises serotonin levels that creates an over-all sense of well-being and aids in depression.durion provides more concentrated healthful energy in food form than any other product the world affords. Its high concentration of raw oleic fats (and vitamin E), due south compounds, and soft proteins. It increases energy, endurance, mental clarity, and cellular health, good for muscle building and organ function. It has anti-aging benefits including enhancing the appearance of your skin. labourer is a good source of antioxidant vitamin-C, provides about 13.7 mg or 23% of RDA. It is a good source of potassium, magnesium, manganese, and iron. Potassium is an important component of cell and body fluids that helps controlling heart rate and blood blackjack. It contains minerals like manganese which is needed in the body to build bone and connective tissues Iron proceeds anemia while manganese as well as magnesium are essential for bone health Magnesium is important in the absorption of calcium and work with calcium to help the bones remain strong and prevent bone related disorders. B-Vitamins like riboflavin, vitamin B6, folic acid and niacin these are essential to maintain good skin and nervous system.Jackfruit lowers blood pressure levels. Jackfruit is a rich source of potassium for the body as it helps keep the body fluids and electrolyte balance in body cells and helps in regulating blood pressure reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. It strengthens immune system. Jackfruit is a very good source of vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant t hat can help prevent colds and infections. as well as help in the proper functioning of the immune system by supporting the functions of the white blood cells. It ensures better gastrointestinal health. The high fiber present in the fruit prevents constipation and helps in smooth and regular intestine movements. The fiber also offers protection to the mucous membrane of the colon by impetuous away the carcinogenic chemicals from the colon.Mangosteen is unique for its appearance and flavor. It is very low in calories (63 calories per 100 g) and contains no saturated fats or cholesterol. It is rich in dietary fiber (100 g provides about 13% of RDA), which can be very important for individuals who are concerned about putting on excess body weight. Mangosteen is good in vitamin C. Vitamin-C is a powerful water soluble anti-oxidant that helps the body develops resistance against flu-like infectious agents. It helps to combat pain (anti-inflammatory property which may go down inflamma tion, pain and joint modify linked with arthritis, or pain caused by sports workout and minor injuries) It maintains intestinal health relieve diarrhea, constipation, stimulate normal bowel health. Mangosteen may decrease blood sugar in Type II diabetes by making insulin more effective, decrease free radical damage and inflammatory build up help to maintain the blood vessel health, cholesterol level, protect heart muscle, lower high blood pressure. II. MARKETING salmagundiProductCupcake Delights feature product is Boucake. Boucake is derived from the combination of bouquet and cake. It is in a form of a bouquet but instead of flowers, it uses cupcakes with different fillings. It has different designs that look like a real flower. This cupcake bouquet is not just unique in its form and design, but also in its fillings. It patronizes Davaos best fruits fillings such as Durian, Mangosteen, and Jackfruit. Boucake offers two types one which has 6 cupcakes per bouquet and the other ha s 12 cupcakes. Both could be personalized in terms of designs as for customers request.Boucake is best for gift giving celebrations. It is great alternative for flower bouquet which males can present to their significant other during weeksaries, monthsaries, and anniversaries. It can be a gift during Mothers and Teachers Day.PlaceCupcake Delight will be situated in a pastry and cake shop inside a mall. Base on the survey, market would want to purchase it in the mall about 50.5%of them and in the pastry and cake shop about 44% of them. Mall is considered since there is less hassle. The physical place is already there unlike finding or renting a lot then build a store or shop. It is more costly. The rental fee in the mall is also settled and fixed. Mall, as a place Boucake, is also advantageous since there are people constantly visiting there. There will be more potential customers and target market can surely be achieved. Cupcake Delight can put on their minds the physical image of t he shop or through the permanent placement in the mall.PromotionBoucake will be promoted through online like Facebook, Twitter, and of course Instagram where the netizens can really see the actual image of the Boucake. Flyers must also be distributed to the customers so that they can have contact information and promotions of Boucake and other Cupcake Delight products. Decorations can be based on customers wants and on occasions. Discounts on bundled orders will also be used to create loyalty to the customers.PriceBoucake with 6 pieces will be priced at P350 while with the 12 pieces will priced at P650. 63.5% and 71% independently wanted it to be priced at that range. Pricing is cost based. Cupcake Delight pricing strategy will be based on the totality of all the expenses we had in making our product. We considered how we can put a price on our product in a way that we can cover all the expenses in our action plus our profit. We come up to a price of Php 350.00 for our cupcake bouq uet. With this price, 75% will be going to our expenses and the remaining 25% will serve as our income per bouquet.

Discuss the role of Inspector Goole in ‘An Inspector Calls’ Essay

1. IntroductionIn this essay I will be talk most the role of the inspector in An inspector Calls and evaluating his important to the play.An Inspector Calls was written by J.B Priestly in 1945 but was decline in Capitalist England during 1912 during this epoch Socialism was beginning to catch onto society.The play depicts the story of the Birling family and how each instalment discovers his or her involvement with the death of a girl called Eva Smith (who excessively called herself Daisy Renton).An Inspector visits them while the family are having dinner, celebrating the engagement of Sheila and Gerald, Sheila being the daughter of the wealthy, prosperous and capitalist businessman Burling. His wife, Sybil is a cold woman and her husbands societal superior. Their children are Eric a shy but assertive young man, and Sheila a pretty young woman who is pleased with life. Gerald Croft, her new fianc, is an attractive, easygoing man who is unrestrained about his new engagement.Th eir celebration is interrupted by Inspector Goole, a man who creates an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness. Soon, the story unravels and we discover how each member of the household is responsible for the suicide of Eva Smith.Between 1912 and 1945, many important as yetts occurred, including both World Wars, the Holocaust, the sink of the Titanic and the Wall Street Crash (resulting in hyperinflation and the undischarged depression).The overall message of the play is to be more socially responsible by taking care of your community as a whole dead body of people, and to accept that there are other people who are different, or are of a lower class.2. ContextPriestly wrote the play in 1945, it was set in 1912 however, as a way to reflect on how capitalists neglected their responsibilities as members of a society to care for others. Between the setting of the play and the clock time it was written, three major world events occurred the sinking of the Titanic and b oth World Wars. Priestly set the play in 1912 to en up to(p) him to speak out as a socialist about how the capitalists should have changed their ways, almost warning them that if they did non, such events like war would occur. I know this because the inspector says if men will not learn that lesson, they will be taught in blood, and fire, and anguish.Priestly makes Arthur Birlings views take care foolish, and writes him to be an ignorant and stupid character that is clueless about society and how the community can work together. Birling says the Titanicunsinkable, absolutely unsinkable and by this, I can recognise how commanding Birling is. I can also identify by how he speaks that he thinks his word is final, and that his decision means everything, even about the sinking of the Titanic. We know that the Titanic did sink, thence making Birling seem foolish and arrogant. It is a brilliant example of dramatic irony, because the audience know that everything that Birling said would not happen, eventually did happen, and even causes a stir of inner hate at his socialist arrogance and his lack of care for society. This would have been important when this play was written, because England at this time was a Socialist country.3.We can tell from the stage directions on page eleven that the inspector gives an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness. By directing the Inspector to seem purposeful, the audience begin questioning his true role in the play is he more important than just a police inspector? What precisely does he represent?We question this because of his behaviour towards the family any traditional or normal inspector of the time wouldve been empathetic towards the Birlings situation and may have been capitalist too.When addressing people, the inspector stares them down and they begin explaining their encounter with Eva Smith. He has a disconcerting habit of looking hard at the person he addresses before actually speaking. This could sca re or worry the family members into unfolding the story of how they all played a part in Eva Smiths death. Either that or maybe his purposefulness may exist only in his gaze, which he uses to unravel the story to the family.The stage directions show the inspectors authority with simple phrases like cuting in, with authority. This implies his voice is the most important, he is speaking out for the dead girl and needs to be heard to a higher place the family. This also has a political context the socialists, who at the time the play was set, were only just getting any kind of authority. Also, as this play represents, socialists grew a voice and soon were beginning to be heard above the capitalists.4.Birling makes a strongly capitalist terminology about how people should look aft(prenominal)(prenominal) themselves and that society doesnt matter. He says communityand all that nonsense. This is a perfect example of how Birling views the community as unnecessary and stupid. He deeply believes that a man should look after himself and his own, and he shows no empathy for the dead girl. Also, Birlings focus in life is his money and class, which relates to capitalism.Birlings speech is interrupted by the familys maid, Edna, who introduces the Inspector. Birling welcomes him but immediately becomes defensive and boastful. The Inspector, however, is not phased. The emphasis on the Inspectors determination and confidence shows how in control he is. He hushes the family so he can speak by cutting in massively, another portrayal of how commanding he is and his authority over the family.This is also represented by his knowledge, and the way he unnerves Sheila and Eric with his understanding of the whole situation. After leaving the room during Sheila and Geralds talk, the Inspector asks wholesome?, showing the audience he already knows about Geralds affair to Daisy Renton.During his enquiries, the Inspector remains entirely in control at times, he is able to massively ta ke charge. Sheila regards him wonderingly and dubiously, later she realises no-one told him anything that he didnt already know. Through his creation of the powerful, all-knowing nature of the character of the Inspector, and through the revelation of the incredible but very real chain of events in which every character is involved, Priestly successfully moves his audience beyond the bounds of naturalism. It is the profitless quality of the Inspector and his final prophecy of fire and blood and anguish referring to World War One which would start only two years after this play was set that successfully imbues the Inspector with an almost supernatural intelligence.To the Inspector, Eva Smith represents all the lower class socialists of the time. The surname Smith was very common at this time, again representing a vast quantity of people who were finding working life difficult. It is this that again makes us question the Inspectors cosmos was he simply a voice for the lower, work ing class citizens of England? He says there are millions and millions of Eva Smiths and John Smiths still left with usintertwines with our lives. He is explaining that by the family realising the consequences of their actions towards Eva Smith, they should square away themselves and treat everyone with respect.The Inspectors timing is almost perfect, both upon arrival and when leaving. He arrives during Birlings capitalist speech, representing how socialism would soon overpower capitalism. Also, the rubor changes, emphasising the Inspectors important and authority in the play. The Inspector leaves at the end of his speech, which of course completely contrasts with what Birling was talking about in the beginning. The Inspector leaves just before Geralds return, who explains t the family that Inspector Goole is not a real inspector. This magnifies the Inspectors mysterious character and leaves the family and the audience questioning his existence and purpose in the play.

Child Development Holistic Essay

IntroductionI am require to review a process application that I aimd my observational skills to proposal for. I resolute to do indoor art activeness, which was making a redbreast with the Children while observing TC by doing this action at law whitethorn learn the textures and colours, and they exit mathematical function a hand and meat co-ordination. The mind, Physical, Language, social and emotional observations entirelyows us to find bring step forward what nestlingren understand, how they call, what they atomic number 18 able-bodied to do, and interests are. This information helps us to build rich stories of kidskinren as capable and competent learners in order to support further activities and k instantlyledge. In doing this, observation gave me information to give on-going feedback to electric razorren close to how they are getting on in their learning, to provide enjoyable experiences for them, to choose appropriate supports for them, and to document, ce lebrate and plan the next steps in their learning.Aims My play activity was a ro hive away, so in this activity children imply to stick and cut out a small pieces of carbon sheet. This art activity supporting childrens large and small muscle development, as well as their eye-hand coordination. Using keystonebrushes, fingers and scissors helps children practice the fine motor control they go out essential for writing later on. Children were work together in the art scope , they learn to share and act with others , these are important changes for social learning. During this activity I valued TCs creativity, so I helped him to feel valued as like everybody and hopped to raise his egotism. After this activity I got better observation and planning skills.Read more(prenominal)How m some(prenominal) actors line in 10 minutes.PlanningBefore doing that activity I had discussion with my supervisor about that activity it is propped for children in that age and do she admit any ideas . Also I must to confound a permission from supervisor and parents. After that I carry to plan what equipment I may occasion and plan out a embodys of it. I need to buy a 20pack of carbon sheets which cost 3.25e, sugar story cost 2.45e, PVA glue cost 2.50e and the rest of equipment like brushes, scissors etcetera I substance abused a room in the setting so that was no costs. Also I need help in washing hands, and I also needed help with supervising my group. And the last step originally my activity was to make sure is everything secure for children like fore.g. glue was non-toxic, floors are non-slip and is no any sharp corners in the room etc.NarrativeDate of observation 04th April 2014Time observation started and washed-up 12.00a.m. to 1.00p.m.but observed TC 1235-12-1245 Number of children present sixteen children did this play activity, including TC Number of adults present 2 and 1 student allowance obtained from supervisorDescription of setting This observation took p lace at the Montessori, the observation took place in the main room of the Montessori, Its a bright and across-the-board room. All children were involved in this too . Immediate context The Montessori room was a bright and airy rooms. The observation took place at 1200 in the change surfaceing. TC is hearing and sitting down when I was explaining and demonstrating the play activity . Brief description of the child observed TC is a male antique (4). He is a bright and very happy child, he gets on with all his classmates. and loves getting involved but also tidy sum get a bit distracted. Aim of observation The aim of this observation is to observe TC for a period of 10minutes in order to assess his Developments. the play activity was an min long. Rationale It is important to observe children in order to plan develop psychogenicly appropriate activities for them.Method NarrativeTC is sitting around the plank along with fellow classmates and is enjoying himself. TC approaches fel low classmate Why is your Robin messy? Child X no its not TC yes it is, you painted on the table child X I didnt look upon too. TC turns around and continues to finish his work. He leans over to get some googly eyeball for his Robin. TC I want the big ones, hoping that the teacher or myself would hand them to him. TC gets off his seat an says Ill get them I want to befool if there is two funny ones Child Y haha, Im going to do that too. TC laughs and sits down to apply his eyes onto his Robin and shouts FINISHED, he then jumps up and shows myself and the teachers his work, I p raised(a) him for a good job he did and TC replies back Thank you Chloe, He then goes over to the sink as he has glue on them and starts to mess with his hands by slapping them together.TC haha, feelsfunny. TC then washes his hands to remove paint and glue of his hands. He then goes over to the place he was sitting and cleans up what pieces of composing were there. TC throws it in the bin Thank you Mr. b in. As TC is finished before some of the other children he goes over to some to observe their work. TC child Z thats really dispassionate, Child Z thanks it took ages. TC walks away and find a piece of paper on the ground and picks it saying paper who owns this paper?, I have paper anyone want this paper? Child F no, TC oh okay, Ill put it in the bin TC walks over to the bin and opens it and says you are very good Mr. bin. TC then goes over to the library to read a book as he is finished his work. This ends my 10 minute observation on TCObservationsI choose this activity be driving children one week before were doing something similar before, they were enjoyed so I decide to do something similar. Childrens reaction was positive, when I told them what we will do it they clap their hands. I ask them to sit down at the table in the art area and I prepared all staff that was needed. TC sat down and started to chat away among friends. After that I explained how we will make a robin and I show them a final work, to give it an idea to children how final peace should look like.Then we started doing it. During activity I once more explained cl ahead of time what we need to do next, step by step. I want to learn children how to share which others, what is proper handing a paintbrush and scissors, how to use their creativity and imagination to solve problems, learn them how to interact and work co-operatively and give help to others, also I think that this activity help to make children a better team workers. When every child have it done, I ask them to line up to the sink and I ask them to wash their hands. TC was a problem as he had glue on his hands and wanted to run and stick his hands to other fellow classmates hands.ImplementationSection 2My play activity took me one hour. I think that TC had a great time with doing a robin because he didnt lose interest and I know that, cutting out, image , sticky and playing with other in my case was working in the group, and for TC. I learn more about supervising TC during an activity andnow I know how to make children interested in something. TC meets all the development skills in this play activity. TC by doing art activity lavatory in easy way express his feelings. To the Physical development I throne bring Aistear well- being theory, because everything was healthy and safe, the equipment that I used was non-toxic etc. Intellectual development during this activity TC had problems with proper holding scissors so my fictitious character was to show him how to do it. Vygotsky stressed the importance for development of someone who knows more than the child to learn something that would be too problematic for the child to do on his or her own.Also we can bring Vogotsky and Piagets theory about dumbness and imagination, it will suit to Aistear, team exploring and thinking. Language development TC was well able to communicate with me and with other children in the group. Skinner says that behaviour th ought that actors line had to be put into children, because they are rather like empty vessels. But the Chomsky had different opinion on empty vessels and he says that babies are natural with the sensitivity to learn, emit and listen. Children learn to talk because they are genetically equipped to do so. Language development is in Aistear in communicating team. Emotional development when TC was doing this activity he build a relationship with other children in group, they communicate with him.When they finish their work I praised them and also to TC who was thrilled with himself, this gives them self-esteem and has breakn, so that build attachment among me and children (TC). I talk with children and to TC about good behaviour and I told them what consequences will be when they wont listen me. In this part we can see Freuds theory about ego. Definition of an ego is that the children begin to consider the consequences of their actions and also start being able to plan the outper form way of meeting the powerful ids demands. Also I can see here superego, because TC knows what is right and what is wrong. TC was a good team workers and built a friendships with others. It is in Identity & belonging team in Aistear. ReflectionSection 3My Role* Judging how best to support TC during activity.Adults have to be able to gauge when and how to intervene in child led activities too much intervention can adjourn the flow of TCs play andlearning, but lack of support may mean that TCs play/activity becomes repetitive or learning opportunities were missed. * Encouraging TC to take ownership of activities roughly children will concentrate for longer periods when they have some kind of ownership over an activity. This nub that wherever possible children should be encouraged to be creative and make their own decisions. This requires adults to be confident, and quite often the more confident early long time worker is able to find opportunities for children to develop their own ideas or approach an activity in their own way. * Encouraging TC to preserve There are often situations where children need a little help or encouragement from an adult in order to finish an activity, much(prenominal) as drawing etc. This may mean giving children a little helping hand .Helping children to preserve to the end of the activity can amplification their self-esteem and assiduity skills. * Interacting with TC A major part of the early years worker role is to build childrens communication and language skills. Older children may need questioning and prompts to learn from their experiences, for example question such as wherefore do you think this is blue colour? Also I need to be able to listen and simply chat to children. * Extending or adopting activities to meet TCs needs It is important for adults working with children to know how to set or put under an activity for a child e.g. to make a task easier or more challenging. This is the way in which you can include all children and is major focalization of inclusion policies. Ideally I should think about the needs of children before an activity starts, but in some cases I will need to adapt the activity once I see that is not meeting a childs needs. Varying the activity according to the needs of the children will mean that children enjoy learning and do not get bored or feel that they failed.Section 4 Objectivity means to keep your own opinions, emotions, prejudices, and biases out of a situation. When applying objectivity in child care, it helps to teach the child the importance of observing boundaries, the consequences of right and wrong, ineffectiveness of manipulation and other key character traits that will make them more responsible members of the society. You can recognize a sensitivity period occurring when you see child your child developing a passion for a certain toy or activity. *He may be trying to acquire balance and is drawn to walk on the cracks of sidewalks, or alongthe cur b. * She may be drawn to pick up small objects of any kind to develop the pincer grip. *Your child will spontaneously repeat the activity again and again until one day the cycle is finished.*The activity may not seem to be particularly meaningful to you, but it fulfils some area of mental or physical development and aware parents and caregivers will permit the activity. There are many influences on the surroundings such factors that influence a childs early years of development. Some factors can be within the environment itself, like chemicals and pollution. Other factors can be parental, societal and economical. A childs behaviour and soulfulnessality is dependent upon the world around him. The interaction between heredity and the environment can also play an important role in the maturement and development of a child.Chemicals and Pollution-Chemicals in the environment can affect a childs performance in school, growth and development, health, and overall well-being. According to Chemical Kids by Dan Orzech, children are exposed to toxins in various waysdiesel exhaust from school buses, pesticides in foods, lead paint and mercury.Parental Factors-A childs growth and development in the early years are primarily shaped by parents. The amount of parental interaction with a child can negatively or positively affect a child. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, the state of the parents also plays a role in the developmental process. Factors such as whether both biological parents are in the home or if the child is raised by a single parent come into play. In a single-parent home, there is often less of a support system, which increases the odds a child will grow up in impoverishment.Societal Factors-Societal factors, such as peer interaction, may also influence the child. Children with poor language skills may have a difficult time interacting with other children. However, interaction with children can be useful in child development del inquent to imitationthe child learns to imitate the behaviour of peers. This can aid in motor skills and language development. Social isolation can negatively affect a childs ability to play normally, due to the lack of imitation. According to Laurie A Couture, denial ofsocial interaction can be a form of abuse.Economical Factors-According to National Center for Children in Poverty, poverty can affect brain development in early childhood, due to the lack of proper nutrition and quality of care. Poverty can also increase risk factors in parents, such as depression, substance abuse and social isolation. Stressors placed on poor families increase occurrences of child abuse and neglect. Abuse affects a childs ability to form healthy attachments and can lead to depression, anxiety and a propensity for violence. In addition, poor families tend to live in dangerous neighbourhoods and cannot afford proper child care.The Impact of personality on DevelopmentNature, which is also known as her edity, is the genetic code you are born with. It is passed on to you from your parents. Some examples of nature or heredity could be your height, behavior, and IQ just to name a few. The issue of nature having a great wedge on a childs development can be illustrated in the studies of twins. Flanagan (2002) explored the Minnesota pack in which a set of twins was raised separately. In one case, a set of identical twins was raised apart, known as the Jim twins. They did not meet until they were almost forty and had many similarities even though they were raised apart. There was no real explanation for all their similarities except that nature must play a crucial role in development. The Minnesota twin study concluded that on multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupational and leisure-time interests and social attitudes, mono-zygotic twins reared apart are about as similar as are mono-zygotic twins reared together (Flanagan).This is a prime example that nature plays a s ignificant role in our development.Another example of nature is the study of adopted babies. Families with adopted children share the same environment, but not the same genetic code (Flanagan, 2002).The Texas Adoption Project found little similarity between adopted children and their siblings, and greater similarity between adopted children and their biological parents (Flanagan). This example also shows how important the role of nature plays on a childs development.Knowing that nature plays a role in a childs development, educators can use this to determine possible disabilities. For example, if two parents have a indicant disability, it ismore likely that their child may develop a reading disability as well. It gives teachers a heads up on what to look out for. This can help educators be proactive and intervene at earlier ages.The Impact of procreation on DevelopmentThe influence of a persons environment on their behavior is a very commonly accepted factor. The question is how m uch can the environment affect the behavior and abilities of a person. Some primary factors such as nutrition can be shown to have an important influence on the abilities of a person. It has also been demonstrated that fears, through the experiences of children, can be learned. Most importantly, some behaviors, if not learned from the environment, will never develop. Environment plays a significant role in development as humans.When considering a persons environment in influencing ability, nutrition plays an important example. In one study, a group of children were given vitamin and mineral supplements for eight months. They were given intelligence tests before and after the eight-month treatment. The result was improvements in scores as compared to another group whom we not given vitamin and mineral supplements (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001).The results suggest that environment plays a role in the intellectual ability of people. It is not an illogical leap to understand this will prob ably extend to physical abilities as well.nother example of environmental influences in the behavior of people comes from a study done to an infant of 11 months. The infant was subjected to a terrible noise whenever he attempted to tracing a white rat in the room with him. The child later displayed fear whenever he came in contact with anything white or furry (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001).A last example of environmental influences in behavior comes from France in 1799. A boy of 12 or 13 was found running with wolves. When he was dis viewinged he was brought back into society. He never developed as a normal human and had tremendous difficulties in society (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001).This suggests that much of what we consider human behavior is socially learned. While no one would suggest that nurture is the only factor that needs to be considered in discussing behavior, it is definitely a significant factor in how we behave as humans. By ignoring the environment, we would miss a large p art of what shapes and guides us in life. In conclusion, both sides of the nature/nurture debate present evidence whichsupports its impact on development. Studies have shown that heredity is a major factor in developmental similarities among twins raised separately (Flanagan 2002). Studies have also shown that nutrition plays a significant role in cognitive development (Nature vs. Nurture, 2001). Most experts agree that most aspects of a childs development are a product of the interaction of both nurture and nature (Bee, 2004).Interestingly, in young years, new technology has enabled scientists to gain a deeper understanding of the genetic component of development, increasing interest on this side of the debate (Bee). Although no longer an all or nothing issue, the extent to which nature and nurture affect development will likely be debated for years to come. Having a good understanding of the normative measurements of the framework of developmental milestones can assist us in ear ly identification of any delays or difficulties. This can then enable access to early interventions to support the child and family. If milestones are viewed too rigidly and do not take into account the variance of individual development children can be incorrectly perceived as failing, or worse, they can be set up to fail by over-expectation.Section 5PlanningName of activity RobinsSetting The setting consists of a Montessori preschool. It is a bright and spacious and perfect for the children to do their art activity. Number of Children sixteen children did this play activity, including TC. Age of Children 4 5 years old, TC is 4Gender of Children The gender of the children are a mixture of male and female. TC is male Timing I spent roughly 15 minutes preparing and explain and about 45 minutes doing the actual activity with the children, and then had 10 minutes to clean up clean up at the end with the help of each child Materials needed and what I did with it* Circular paper plate or white paper/carol or cereal box - cut into circle * PVA glue (non-toxic) * Tones of sugar paper for e.g. brown (light brown, dark brown) * Red breast - tissue paper (can use any colour) * Brush/glue stick* For eyes/beak/legs - sugar paper* Cut out circular shape, can trace it from e.g. circular plate, use compass or top of circular stool * Get glue of brown sugar papers* Draw a line for the breast mold the line to make him/her more 3D * Start with bottom section, use watered dawn glue. Stick on chosen colours of tissue paper , I used pink & purple, every child could choose any colour what they like. * Place tissue down on circular cut out shape and brush over with watery glue to stick- cover all this area. * For face/ horizontal surface brown sugar paper* Tear the sugar paper into small strips, then starting put a row of glue down and start to stick a row of sugar paper. * Next layer another raw of brown sugar paper on top of this one- keep going until you reach top of head * Depending on the ages- either use googly eyes or cut eyes, legs and beak from sugar paper . (My group was suitable for cutting eyes, legs and beak) Discussion with supervisor I asked the teachers about this play activity as the children have done something like this before and they agreed to let me do it. Safety This activity is safe for the children to undertake. The paint is non-toxic so the children will not be inhaling any harmful toxins. Equality of opportunity An equal opportunity is offered to the children regardless of their race, colour, sex, ethnic background and religious beliefs.Preparation of space and materials I spent 10 minutes preparing the activity. I prepared the paint, putting them into a container, getting bibs for the children to prevent any messing of their clothes. I put a plastic cover over the table to prevent the table from being messed up. I demonstrated the activity to the children first. Discussion with children I talked to them at the end to see if the y enjoyed it and to observe TC and to see if all five developments being used during this, and to see if he enjoyed himself. Learning Outcomes (PILES) TC learned about the colours they are painting, learned about Robins on what colour and shape and what type of animal they were.Physical TC will further develop skills like fine motor skills, hand eye coordination and gross motor skills. Intellectual TC learned about the colours of the paint and shapes. Emotional TC got a thrill out of doing messy activities such as hand and finger painting. Social TC learned to share and clean up after themselves. Learning Theme (Aistear) The theme of Exploring and Thinking are about TC making sense of the things, places and people in their world by interacting with others, playing, investigating, questioning, and forming, testing and refining ideas.EvaluationMy play activity took me one hour. I think that TC had a great time with doing a robin because he didnt lose interest and I know that, cutting out, painting , sticking and playing with other in my case was working in the group, and for TC. I learn more about supervising TC during an activity and now I know how to make children interested in something. TC meets all the development skills in this play activity. TC by doing art activity can in easy way express his feelings. To the Physical development I can bring Aistear well-being theory, because everything was healthy and safe, the equipment that I used was non-toxic etc. Intellectual development during this activity TC had problems with proper holding scissors so my role was to show him how to do it. Vygotsky stressed the importance for development of someone who knows more than the child to learn something that would be too difficult for the child to do on his or her own.Also we can bring Vogotsky and Piagets theory about concentration and imagination, it will suit to Aistear, team exploring and thinking. Language development TC was well able to communicate with me and wi th other children in the group. Skinner says that behaviour thought that language had to be put into children, because they are rather like empty vessels. But the Chomsky had different opinion on empty vessels and he says that babies are born with the predisposition to learn, talk and listen. Children learn to talk because they are genetically equipped to do so. Language development is in Aistear in communicating team. Emotional development when TC was doing this activity he build a relationship with other children in group, they communicate with him.When they finish their work I praised them and also to TC who was thrilled with himself, this gives them self-esteem and has grown, so that build attachment between me and children (TC). I talk with children and to TC about good behaviour and I told them what consequences will be when they wont listen me. In this part we can see Freuds theory about ego. Definition of an ego is that the children begin to consider the consequences of thei r actions andalso start being able to plan the best way of meeting the powerful ids demands. Also I can see here superego, because TC knows what is right and what is wrong. TC was a good team workers and built a friendships with others. It is in Identity & belonging team in Aistear.Reflection RecommendationsI would need extra help, and I would change an age of children because some children were waiting for others. And also If I will have another chance to do it again I would do it in different time of the day (straight away in the morning), because in my opinion TC was tired and was hard to make him pay attention sometimes. I should have done my narrative earlier instead of doing it near the end of the play activity. I would recommend to do more play activitys cause its a great way to develop all skills and TC finds it very enjoyable.Bibliography* http//www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Attachment-Theory/52354 * http//www.extension.org/pages/25680/creative-art-helps-children-deve lop-across-many-domains * http//www.appleton-child-care.com/child-care-daily-schedule.shtml *http//www.pbs.org/wholechild/providers/little.html *www.ehow.com Parenting*Bee, Helen (2004). Child and adolescent development (Section 1, pp. 3). Retrieved July 28, 2004, from University of Phoenix website www.myresource.phoenix.edu *Flanagan, C. (2002). Nature and nurture why are siblings so different? Psychology Review, 8(3), 23. Retrieved July 28, 2004, from the InfoTrac Database. *Nature vs. Nurture (2001). Planet Papers. Retrieved July 28, 2004, from the World Wide Web http//www.planetpapers.com/Assets/3492.php

Analysis of Rosemary’s Baby and Religious Faith

Is God Dead? rosemarys baby written by Ira Levin is a masterpiece of groundbreaking day horror that emphasizes the importance of faith. Rosemary, Guy Woodhouses wife and a young soon to be mother was raised by a strict religious catholic family. As she supposedly became agnostic towards her catholic faith, she left behind her an angry, suspicious father, a silent mother and quadruplet resenting brothers and sisters (Levin, 24). Throughout the novel we learn that Rosemary has re-embraced her religious beliefs and has never truly abandoned them.The author is also depicting a crisis of faith in the modern era explaining how there is a growing decline in religious belief in the 60s. Rosemary regrets doubting and turning out from her religious beliefs after she discovers that pure Satanic evil does exist, and is residing next door. She re-embraces her religious beliefs as she utters a prayer Oh Father in heaven, forgive me for doubting Oh deliveryman sustain me save my innocent bab y (287). This reveals how she seeks forgiveness of ever doubting gods conception and the power of religion itself.She is not only if seeking forgiveness, but help for her baby. She realises that becoming agnostic and leaving her faith behind has allowed the devil to enter a doorway in her life. She re-embraces religion because it is her last hope since Guy, Doctor Sapirstein, the Castevets throw all terribly deceived her All of them, they were all in it together. All of them witches (257). This betrayal caused her to search for hope and to reconcile her inner conflict she had with her own faith. Moreover, as Rosemary is giving birth she apologizes to her baby Im sorry, my little darlingForgive me (272). She is apologizing for being too late and for failing to protect her new innate(p) from the evil that surrounds her. Rosemary knows that if she had not put aside the importance of her catholic faith, this would not be happening. She then asks the child for forgiveness because she feels that it is her fault. This foreshadows how she wants to accord importance at one time over again to her religion. She feels that she could be forgiven if she became a true catholic again. At this moment she would do anything to save her child from those witches.Furthermore, Rosemary sees her helpless baby in a monstrous bassinet in the hands of the evil Satanists. She then proves re-embracement of her religious faith as she avoids collapsing and crying. Instead, she shut her eyes tight to stop the tears and said a quick Hail Mary (293). Even after all she has just been through, she still takes time to say a prayer. This demonstrates how she still has hope and faith. Additionally, not only does Rosemary go through evolution by re-embracing religion she has also never abandoned her beliefs.When asked by the Castavets if she is religious, Rosemarys response is fluste rosy and confused No, no not at all, I was brought up to be but now I am agnostic (76). As Mrs. Castevet wanted more details about how she truly felt about the Pope and religion, Rosemary answers Well he is the Pope Ive been conditioned to have respect for him and still do (77). This demonstrates that even though she does not think of him has holy anymore, she still has respect for him. This proves that the way her family raised her impacts her view on the Pope regardless if she is religious or not.As the Pope is tour New York, Rosemary takes time to watch his appearance on television and to listen to his speeches. She mentions that the Popes speech at the UN moved her (102). Which reveals once again that he is important for her and that she respects him. As well, Rosemary receives a phone call from her sister Margaret and reveals an important declaration Religion doesnt mean as much to me now as it did back home (104). This reveals to us how religion remains meaningful to her even though it is not as important as it used to be. As Rosemary wavers in her own beliefs, she does not abandon th em.Furthermore, in Rosemarys dream we perceive how she is in conflict with the beliefs towards religion and her agnostic point of view. She dreams of a church burning on fire and of catholic prejudices (113). Her unconscious reveals how her loss in interest with the catholic faith troubles her. In the dream, the Pope is also there with a suitcase and she asks him for forgiveness (116). This foreshadows how she wishes the Pope would forgive her for ever doubting the religion and how she seeks acceptance from him and her family. Lastly, the author is aiming to depict a crisis of faith in contemporary society.This is seen when Rosemary picks up a copy of Time magazine that was right next to her. Is God dead? It asked in red letters on a black background (255). This reveals how the society is doubting the existence of god. It also expresses the need for society to recognize that it is behaving as if God were no longer active in the world. The fact that the author took the time to mentio n this specific magazine foreshadows how Rosemary is not the only one doubting existence of god. As well, when Rosemary sees the cover of the magazine she looks for the index right away and turned to the show business section (255).She did not take on it because at that moment the existence of God did not mean much to her. This reveals how the God of the Christian past no longer served a function. For instance, the Bramford is a consummate example. Its morbid history of cannibalism and Satanism, infanticide and suicide, becomes reason for the growing decline of religious belief (26). Society is asking If God does truly exist, how could he let these things occur? 1,001 nomenclature WORKS CITED Levin, Ira. Rosemarys Baby. New York New American Library, 1967. Print.

Scene Analysis: Sexuality in Blue Angel

In Josef von Sternbergs film Blue Angel, female sexuality is defined through the character Lola Lola. The lead female character is captured using select subject-camera distances that seem to make her appear powerful and in control. The medium rays of prof Rath and the dependable taws of Lola Lola during the first falling in love again performance are used to compare the emotional male character to the empowered female character, and therefore illustrate the evolving sexual identity of women.The scene begins with a full shot of Lola Lola performing in front of a large audience. Her posture and garments are fully captured by the camera as she sings to the crowd. With her hands on her hip, she performs confidently in an outfit that emphasizes her figure. The camera suddenly shifts to another full shot following Professor Rath to his reserved seat. Because the beautiful singer mesmerizes him, he must be ushered to his seat above the crowd. over again, a full shot captures the perf ormer forrader she is interrupted for a formal introduction of Professor Rath.The first medium shot in this scene shows the Professor wildly looking below at the crowd. A scanning full shot of the crowd is quickly given before returning to a seemingly happy Rath. Once again Lola strolls slightly the stage with her hands on her hips the camera follows her as she sits down and sings to the delighted professor. Although the camera zooms in slightly for a three-quarter shot, the viewer is able to see her contour body, while she enchants the main character.Rath is filmed from the waist up once more and is visibly consumed by his emotions, while the singer w is captured fully in a slightly seductive position. The camera shifts to a peculiar three-quarter shot of the clown and a musician. From this view, the camera follows the clowns upward gaze as he looks upward at Professor Rath. The camera is slightly distanced from the sitting professor, so the viewer may see a tall sculpture portr aying the female body. The Professor becomes visibly uncomfortable by the artwork and awkwardly shifts in his chair until his eyes fall back onto Lola Lola.The camera then switches back and forth between full shots of the alluring singer and medium shots of the entranced man she appears to be seducing him confidently from the stage as he bashfully watches from afar. The scene closes with a medium shot of the enthralled professor who has truly been captivated by the brazen performer. Throughout the scene, the female character is distanced more than the performer since she is not as emotionally threatened as the male lead. Lola remains in control throughout the entire performance, and she effortlessly evokes a response from the man watching her.Professor Rath visibly struggles with the decency of the club. Although the woman relation to professor excites him, the man is slightly uncomfortable with certain aspects of Blue Angel. The subject-camera distances used in Lolas first perfor mance of Falling in Love Again adds to the movies theme of female sexuality during the Weimer Republic. Full shots capture Lolas ability to seduce the old professor, while medium shots emphasize his reactions and emotional response. This scene

Industrial Location Model by Phunziro Mphwina

A TOPIC critique ON INDUSTRIAL LOCATION sham BY ALFRED WEBER. Geography despite being defined as a science it has a vast argona of concern, whereby few of these areas touch the economic movement a field which others identify not as a science. In geography Spatial science is the field that holds well-nighwhat of the economic aspects this is so as it looks at the economic functions of space. Krugman (1991p6) defines spatial science as a geographical science that is concerned with the organization of things according to space.This is to affirm that the arrangement and distribution of things in line with space has a lot of effect on the efficiency of other economic processes. This led to the development of Alfred webers Industrial lieu determine in 1901 (McCann & Shaffer, 2004 p8). Where by Weber argued that the localization of function of an industrial plant is determined the factors of fare be, jade tolls and agglomeration (Barnes, 1984 p1).This is the model which this e ssay intends to make a review on. Adopting some of Webers factors as basis of their arguments Christ aloneer and Losch in that locationof the Central place theory and Von Thunens disgrace use theory these theorists argued in alike vain as Weber. Weber assumed that in that location is an uneven distribution of natural resources. Thus keen visibles are in not passable existence elsewhere, (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43).Lokman (2003 p1) justifies Webers factor of resource distribution by relating it to unrivaled and only(a) of Christallers assumptions that there is a akin disperse of resources where he says one would choose to place his attention at location A which is 3 kilometers away from the merchandise or location B which lies 5 kilometers away from the markets. Since there is an even existence of resources people would not be limited by resource availability an assumption which is very unreal.Weber disagrees to such(prenominal) a presupposition by obstetrical delivery in reality where he says there is an uneven distribution of material thus au naturel(p) materials, fuel, and water needed for industrial production may be found only in particular locations. Consequently people would prefer to locate to the areas close twain to the market and resources in order to minimize send off lives. Thereby distribution of raw material determining the location of an industry. Weber excessively continued to assume that the size and location of centers of consumption of the industrial products are given.This means that producers cover contrasting sizes of land for their Industrial activities. This determines the location of the industry in that land as we enclose the market place tends to be dear(p) this is so as it is more expensive because the producer would have low express costs but pay high gear rent compared to others who located away from the market place but cover huge land that would let them cover up for the transport costs. (Barnes, 1984 p16) This assumption differs from that of Christaller and Von Thunen which assumes that there is an identical (all flat) surface. Therefore difference in land size determining location of an industry.In terms of labor Weber assumed that there are several flash-frozen locations of labor where given rates operate, this is to say labor is immobile and unlimited at these locations (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43). This is to say that since there area differences in distribution of raw materials which is one of the determining factors in the location of the industry. This means some locations could have increased access to labor and this means there would be law labor costs at such places other than in location that have low labor experiences whereby those employed would have to work redundant hours which would result into senseless labor costs.Therefore access to labor determining industry location. Despite the fact that most of Webers assumptions deviate from the Christaller and Thunens, he agrees with both of the, on the idea that all entrepreneurs work on minimizing the cost of production and maximize their profits. (Calvert, 2010 p 45) describes some of the ways that these entrepreneurs adopt in order to recruit their profits. One of the ways is by investing in fields that are not faces with harsh government policies that lead to losses, the other solution to these losses is by going by transport trunks that are cheap and efficient.In contrast Weber place the three general regional factors that affect the costs of production namely, cost of raw materials, cost of transporting the raw materials and the cost of labor. These have been advanced by the assumptions. In terms of raw material cost Weber argues that raw material value determines their cost thus there are other material which are hard to get (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43) give an example of mines where cost of mining some of the minerals outwits the cost of selling the minerals themselves, they also say thes e variations in mining difficulties prompts the reflection based on the transport and labor costs.Weber on the other hand identified agglomeration which is the effect produced when two different firms operate in the same area and tend to pull losses against each other. This is an economic situation where individual firms would turn out great losses for similar service. Weber suggests that these two firms can work hand in hand and access the desired services at a lower cost. This determines the location of an industry in that, one would choose a location where he will be able to link with other firms in order to access services at a more reasonable cost other than working individually (McCann & Shaffer, 2004 p10).Revisiting the cost of transporting the raw materials Weber tell apart two different types of raw material. He specifically explained that there are other materials that are used to the fullest thus upon extraction and processing there is a reasonable mass that is garbled other than that which remains for full use. This means that the unneeded mass that as transported along with the end product just added extra costs other than the cost for transporting the real raw material. For example a company transports 5 kilos of iron ore for K2000.The ore from which 2 kilos is going to be extracted from, this is to say 3 kilos will be taken as wastes thus cost approximately K1000 which is a loss. This can be modified by adopting a different transporting system or changing the coronation field. All in all Webers model though it was developed in the old days when engineering had not fully shoot it serves a great deal to the economic world, under the factors that have been discussed above. REFERENCES Bradford M. G. & Kent W. A (1977) Human geography theories and other applications Vol. 5 of learning in Geography, United farming Oxford University press.Barnes T. J. (1984) The place of locational analysis a selective and interpretive history. Canada University of British Columbia. Calvert L. (2012) Natures metropolis The ghost dance of Christaller and Von Thunen. PDF. Krugman P. (1991) urban concentration The role of change magnitude returns and transport costs. International Regional Science Review 19 Lokman O. (2003) Criticism on Christaller PDF McCann P. & Shafer D. (2004) Regional Science Location, agglomeration and infrastructure. United land University of Reading press. - CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI - capacity OF EDUCATION - - DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY - COURSE TITLE. - SPATIAL ORGANISATION - COURSE CODE - GEO 2203 - -TO - Mr. GONDWE - FROM - PHUNZIRO B. M. MPHWINA, BAED 15/02/11 - ASSIGNMENT 1 - - ASSIGNMENT TITLE - CHAPTER REVIEW ON INDUSTRIAL LOCATION MODEL. - - DUE DATE 19/04/12Industrial Location Model by Phunziro MphwinaA TOPIC REVIEW ON INDUSTRIAL LOCATION MODEL BY ALFRED WEBER. Geography despite being defined as a science it has a vast area of concern, whereby some of these areas touch the economic grounds a field which others identify not as a science. In geography Spatial science is the field that holds some of the economic aspects this is so as it looks at the economic functions of space. Krugman (1991p6) defines spatial science as a geographical science that is concerned with the organization of things according to space.This is to say that the arrangement and distribution of things in line with space has a lot of effect on the efficiency of other economic processes. This led to the development of Alfred Webers Industrial location model in 1901 (McCann & Shaffer, 2004 p8). Where by Weber argued that the location of an industrial plant is determined the factors of transport costs, labor costs and agglomeration (Barnes, 1984 p1).This is the model which this essay intends to make a review on. Adopting some of Webers factors as basis of their arguments Christaller and Losch thus the Central place theory and Von Thunens land use theory these theorists argued in similar vain as Weber. Weber assumed that there is an uneven distribution of natural resources. Thus raw materials are in not equal existence elsewhere, (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43).Lokman (2003 p1) justifies Webers factor of resource distribution by relating it to one of Christallers assumptions that there is a homogeneous disperse of resources where he says one would choose to place his industry at location A which is 3 kilometers away from the market or location B which lies 5 kilometers away from the markets. Since there is an even existence of resources people would not be limited by resource availability an assumption which is very unreal.Weber disagrees to such a presupposition by bringing in reality where he says there is an uneven distribution of material thus raw materials, fuel, and water needed for industrial production may be found only in particular locations. Consequently people would prefer to locate to the areas close both to the market and resources in order to minimize transport costs. Thereby distrib ution of raw material determining the location of an industry. Weber also continued to assume that the size and location of centers of consumption of the industrial products are given.This means that producers cover different sizes of land for their Industrial activities. This determines the location of the industry in that land as we enclose the market place tends to be costly this is so as it is more expensive because the producer would have low transport costs but pay high rent compared to others who located away from the market place but cover huge land that would let them cover up for the transport costs. (Barnes, 1984 p16) This assumption differs from that of Christaller and Von Thunen which assumes that there is an isotropic (all flat) surface. Therefore difference in land size determining location of an industry.In terms of labor Weber assumed that there are several fixed locations of labor where given rates operate, this is to say labor is immobile and unlimited at these lo cations (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43). This is to say that since there area differences in distribution of raw materials which is one of the determining factors in the location of the industry. This means some locations could have increased access to labor and this means there would be law labor costs at such places other than in location that have low labor experiences whereby those employed would have to work extra hours which would result into extra labor costs.Therefore access to labor determining industry location. Despite the fact that most of Webers assumptions deviate from the Christaller and Thunens, he agrees with both of the, on the idea that all entrepreneurs work on minimizing the cost of production and maximize their profits. (Calvert, 2010 p 45) describes some of the ways that these entrepreneurs adopt in order to elevate their profits. One of the ways is by investing in fields that are not faces with harsh government policies that lead to losses, the other solution to these losses is by going by transport systems that are cheap and efficient.In contrast Weber identified the three general regional factors that affect the costs of production namely, cost of raw materials, cost of transporting the raw materials and the cost of labor. These have been advanced by the assumptions. In terms of raw material cost Weber argues that raw material value determines their cost thus there are other material which are hard to get (Bradford & Kent, 1977 p43) give an example of mines where cost of mining some of the minerals outwits the cost of selling the minerals themselves, they also say these variations in mining difficulties prompts the reflection based on the transport and labor costs.Weber on the other hand identified agglomeration which is the effect produced when two different firms operate in the same area and tend to pull losses against each other. This is an economic situation where individual firms would suffer great losses for similar services. Weber suggests that these two firms can work hand in hand and access the desired services at a lower cost. This determines the location of an industry in that, one would choose a location where he will be able to link with other firms in order to access services at a more reasonable cost other than working individually (McCann & Shaffer, 2004 p10).Revisiting the cost of transporting the raw materials Weber differentiated two different types of raw material. He specifically explained that there are other materials that are used to the fullest thus upon extraction and processing there is a reasonable mass that is lost other than that which remains for full use. This means that the unneeded mass that as transported along with the end product just added extra costs other than the cost for transporting the real raw material. For example a company transports 5 kilos of iron ore for K2000.The ore from which 2 kilos is going to be extracted from, this is to say 3 kilos will be taken as wastes thu s cost approximately K1000 which is a loss. This can be modified by adopting a different transporting system or changing the investment field. All in all Webers model though it was developed in the old days when technology had not fully sprouted it serves a great deal to the economic world, under the factors that have been discussed above. REFERENCES Bradford M. G. & Kent W. A (1977) Human geography theories and other applications Vol. 5 of Science in Geography, United Kingdom Oxford University press.Barnes T. J. (1984) The place of locational analysis a selective and interpretive history. Canada University of British Columbia. Calvert L. (2012) Natures metropolis The ghost dance of Christaller and Von Thunen. PDF. Krugman P. (1991) Urban concentration The role of increasing returns and transport costs. International Regional Science Review 19 Lokman O. (2003) Criticism on Christaller PDF McCann P. & Shafer D. (2004) Regional Science Location, agglomeration and infrastructure. Unite d Kingdom University of Reading press. - CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI - FACULTY OF EDUCATION - - DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY - COURSE TITLE. - SPATIAL ORGANISATION - COURSE CODE - GEO 2203 - -TO - Mr. GONDWE - FROM - PHUNZIRO B. M. MPHWINA, BAED 15/02/11 - ASSIGNMENT 1 - - ASSIGNMENT TITLE - CHAPTER REVIEW ON INDUSTRIAL LOCATION MODEL. - - DUE DATE 19/04/12